Ƙimar Rufin Rufin da aka Shawarta don Frames na Portal da Tsarin Rufin Ƙarfe mai Haske

Ya kamata a ɗauki gangaren rufin gabaɗaya a matsayin 1/8 zuwa 1/20 (kimanin. 5% zuwa 12.5%, ko 1:8 zuwa 1:20), kuma yakamata a zaɓi ƙimar gangaren gangare a yankuna masu tsananin ruwan sama. Ya kamata gangaren gefen saman saman belin da ya mamaye ya zama daidai da gangaren rafter ɗin rufin (bim ɗin karkata). Don firam ɗin portal da sigar ƙarfe mai haske, gangaren rufin da aka saba amfani da ita daga 1/8 zuwa 1/20. 

Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar yin la'akari lokacin zabar ƙima: 

1. Ƙarƙashin tsari na membobin rufin (rafters da purlins) yana rinjayar hanyoyin magudanar rufin. (Shafi na 3.3.3: Canji a gangaren rufin da ya haifar da ƙaurawar ginshiƙi-saman a kwance da jujjuyawar memba ba zai wuce 1/3 na ƙimar gangaren ƙira ba.)

2. Rufaffiyar kayan: Abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tsakanin zanen karfe mai rufin launi masu launi sune wuraren haɗari na farko, gami da shigar da fastener (screw) da cikakkun bayanai masu walƙiya. Don ɓoyayyun faifan bidiyo da ginshiƙan kabu na tsaye (na kan inji), yoyon ruwa ba kasafai ake samun matsala ba muddin an aiwatar da shigarwar wurin da kyau. Duk da haka, don ɓangarorin dunƙulewa waɗanda aka gyara kai tsaye tare da screws na taɓa kai, ɗigon ruwa na iya faruwa har yanzu saboda faɗaɗa zafin zafi da ƙanƙantar sassan ƙarfe, koda kuwa aikin wurin yana da kyau kuma ana amfani da mashin ruwa yadda ya kamata.

3. Hasken joometry na karfe da kariya daga rufin rufin, gami da gangara mai jujjuyawa da madaidaiciyar gutter. GB 50207-2012 Code for Accept of Construction Quality of Rufin Engineering, Sashe na 4.1.3: Tsawon gangaren gangaren eaves gutters da kwarin / gutters na ciki ba zai zama ƙasa da 1% ba, kuma digo a cikin gadon gutter ba zai wuce 200 mm ba.

4. Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli kamar ruwan sama, dusar ƙanƙara, da ƙanƙara: Ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, tsananin guguwa, tarin dusar ƙanƙara, da samuwar kankara.

5. Aiki da kiyayewa (O&M): Ƙarfafa ƙarar kaya ba bisa ƙa'ida ba yayin amfani da ginin yana lalata sassan rufin. Hakazalika, rataye kaya ba bisa ka'ida ba daga kayan rufin rufin yana haifar da karkatar da purlin, wanda ke haifar da ruwa na cikin gida. Bugu da ƙari, masu hana ruwa ruwa da kaset ɗin mastic suna tsufa kuma suna raguwa akan lokaci.

6. Firam span tattalin arziki da kuma tsarin stiffness: Domin guda-span portal Frames, kara rufin gangara hanya ce mai tasiri don rage girman firam - gangara mai tsayi yana rage lokacin lanƙwasa kuma yana adana ƙarfe. Don firam ɗin tazara da yawa, gangare mai tsayi tana ƙara tsayin ginshiƙan ciki. Lokacin da tazarar ginin ya yi girma, haɓaka gangara yadda ya kamata yana rage jujjuyawar katakon rufin ƙarfe na ƙarfe (rafters). 

Ƙimar gangaren da aka Shawarta:

Madaidaitan masana'antu na masana'antu: gangara na 1/10 zuwa 1/15 shine mafi aminci da kwanciyar hankali.

Dogayen gangara guda ɗaya ko tsayin magudanar ruwa: An ba da shawarar gangara wanda bai gaza 1/10 ba.

Gine-gine masu tsayi da yawa: Za a iya ɗaukar gangara daga 1/20 zuwa 1/15, tare da kulawa sosai ga tsayin ginshiƙi na ciki da magudanar ruwa.

Gine-gine masu tsayi guda ɗaya: Za a iya ɗaukar gangaren 1/10 zuwa 1/8, amma dole ne a gudanar da cikakken bincike don lodin iska, braces flange (tsayawan kusurwa), cikakkun bayanai masu walƙiya, da jurewar gini.

Lambar fasaha don Aiwatar da Fayil ɗin Ƙarfe na Ƙarfe a Injiniya GB 50896-2013, Sashe na 5.2.3: gangara na rufin takardar ƙarfe da aka zayyana za su bi tanadi masu zuwa:

1. Za a ƙayyade gangaren rufin rufin ƙarfe mai ma'ana ta hanyar lissafin injiniya bisa tsarin tsarin, nau'in bayanin martabar takarda, bayanan haɗin kai, hanyar magudanar ruwa, da yanayin yanayi na gida;

2. Rufin rufaffiyar zanen ƙarfe na profiled ba zai zama ƙasa da 5% ba; lokacin da aka ɗora zane-zanen ƙarfe masu ƙira tare da masu ɗaukar hoto (skru), gangaren rufin bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 10% ba;

3. A cikin mahalli tare da ƙura mai lalata, gangaren rufin kada ta kasance ƙasa da 10%; a cikin mahalli tare da matsakaici ko matsakaicin matakan lalata, gangaren rufin bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 8% ba;

4. Lokacin da aka ƙayyade gangaren rufin, za a yi la'akari da dangantaka tsakanin tsayin haƙarƙarin haƙarƙari na takardar da aka yi da shi da kuma iyawar magudanar ruwa; don gangaren rufin mai laushi, ya kamata a zaɓi fakitin haƙarƙari.